Energy Expenditures and Average Fuel Prices, by Source and Sector statistics

[82,862 represents $82,862,000,000. For definition of Btu, see text, this section. End-use sector and electric utilities exclude expenditures and prices on energy sources such as hydropower, solar, wind, and geothermal. Also excludes expenditures for reported amounts of energy consumed by the energy industry for production, transportation, and processing operations]


Source and Sector	1970	1971	1972	1973	1974	1975	1976	1977	1978	1979	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1994	1995	1996	1997

EXPENDITURES (mil. dol.)

Total ¹ ²	82,862	89,781	97,801	111,591	153,078	171,828	193,799	220,393	239,033	297,199	374,359	427,769	426,187	417,124	434,460	437,292	382,766	395,689	409,468	436,463	471,786	469,505	474,515	491,904	505,518	505,518	515,321	561,473	567,318
Natural gas	10,891	12,065	13,198	13,933	16,380	20,061	25,097	29,602	33,185	40,785	51,061	60,544	68,292	72,000	77,169	72,938	59,702	58,019	61,089	65,383	64,102	64,697	68,400	75,941	77,716	77,716	74,150	85,634	91,769
Petroleum products ²	47,942	52,030	55,866	65,257	96,943	103,372	116,008	131,694	138,554	183,766	237,628	264,957	242,279	221,359	225,243	223,591	174,785	187,340	189,824	206,739	235,224	222,706	221,829	222,936	229,804	229,804	236,937	268,071	266,595
Motor gasoline	31,596	33,478	35,346	39,667	54,194	59,446	64,977	70,591	74,513	95,916	124,408	138,138	130,305	115,816	114,438	118,043	91,526	99,803	103,206	112,586	126,454	123,048	125,156	126,401	129,897	129,897	136,475	148,230	149,549
Coal	4,594	4,883	5,412	6,251	11,145	13,047	14,079	15,448	17,595	20,421	22,648	26,231	26,426	27,051	29,093	29,723	27,895	27,566	28,365	28,105	28,372	27,871	27,409	27,763	27,186	27,186	26,861	27,368	27,522
Electricity sales	23,345	26,208	29,718	33,780	42,589	50,680	56,971	66,225	74,164	82,050	98,095	116,455	127,393	134,731	142,420	149,233	151,793	154,685	162,063	169,332	176,737	184,814	186,954	196,579	200,883	200,883	205,932	211,011	213,645

Residential sector	20,151	21,933	24,129	27,078	32,494	36,988	41,668	47,540	51,780	57,929	69,523	78,795	87,742	93,076	96,170	99,009	96,766	98,160	103,369	109,040	110,057	115,527	115,902	125,019	126,963	126,963	128,423	137,628	138,691
Commercial sector	10,654	11,999	13,428	15,107	19,480	22,839	26,308	30,575	33,407	38,753	46,888	55,393	61,261	64,748	69,312	70,267	68,132	68,650	71,472	75,308	78,828	81,373	82,296	86,474	89,409	89,409	91,587	95,798	100,209
Industrial sector	16,678	18,035	20,038	23,502	36,636	41,068	47,939	56,119	61,732	77,687	94,268	108,451	103,406	102,179	110,235	106,835	91,716	91,451	92,639	95,205	102,336	101,122	103,545	105,563	109,112	109,112	107,732	120,005	119,786
Transportation sector ²	35,379	37,813	40,207	45,904	64,468	70,933	77,884	86,159	92,115	122,831	163,680	185,130	173,778	157,121	158,743	161,182	126,152	137,429	141,988	156,909	180,565	171,482	172,772	174,847	180,034	180,034	187,578	208,041	208,632
Motor gasoline	30,525	32,435	34,365	38,598	52,820	57,992	63,480	69,059	73,013	94,013	121,809	135,394	127,949	113,843	112,044	115,199	89,404	97,514	100,986	110,168	123,742	120,554	122,697	124,549	127,942	127,942	134,471	145,993	147,046
Electric utilities	-4,316	5,441	6,473	7,817	14,391	-16,396	18,923	23,392	25,746	31,031	-37,435	-43,275	-41,311	-41,336	-43,378	-42,558	-35,793	-36,692	-37,435	-38,995	-38,276	-36,534	-35,817	-36,692	-36,166	-36,166	-34,810	-36,614	-37,815

AVERAGE FUEL PRICES
(dol per mil Btu)
All sectors	1.65	1.76	1.84	2.02	2.87	3.33	3.57	3.99	4.24	5.22	6.89	8.03	8.46	8.39	8.28	8.36	7.30	7.33	7.26	7.61	8.29	8.24	8.17	8.27	8.31	8.31	8.29	8.77	8.82

Residential sector	2.11	2.26	2.39	2.73	3.40	3.81	4.16	4.80	5.18	6.05	7.44	8.79	9.74	10.63	10.69	10.93	10.78	10.75	10.70	11.05	11.91	12.09	12.00	12.29	12.63	12.63	12.57	12.68	13.24
Commercial sector	1.96	2.15	2.33	2.56	3.42	4.09	4.40	5.15	5.54	6.31	7.88	9.55	10.43	11.01	11.20	11.71	11.30	11.04	10.90	11.38	12.02	12.20	12.31	12.68	12.87	12.87	12.75	12.88	13.15
Industrial sector	0.98	0.91	0.98	1.09	1.76	2.12	2.43	2.78	3.03	3.63	5.15	5.74	6.46	6.52	6.31	6.27	5.62	5.03	4.51	4.64	5.25	5.13	4.87	4.99	4.92	4.92	4.74	5.49	5.20
Transportation sector	2.31	2.37	2.38	2.57	3.70	4.02	4.21	4.48	4.59	6.19	8.61	9.84	9.43	8.44	8.25	8.26	6.22	6.58	6.56	7.17	8.27	7.99	7.91	7.87	7.88	7.88	8.04	8.72	8.65
Electric utilities	0.32	0.38	0.41	0.46	0.86	0.96	1.02	1.16	1.25	1.48	1.75	2.00	2.01	1.98	1.97	1.85	1.55	1.51	1.45	1.48	1.46	1.37	1.34	1.35	1.30	1.30	1.23	1.28	1.30

1 Includes electricity sales; excludes electricity generation
2 Includes sources or fuel types, not shown separately

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Price and Expenditure Report, annual.

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/sep/states.html The five economic sectors:

Residential Sector The residential sector is considered to consist of all private residences, whether occupied or vacant, owned or rented, including single- family homes, multifamily housing units, and mobile homes. Secondary homes, such as summer homes, are also included. Institutional housing, such as school dormitories, hospitals, and military barracks, generally are not included in the residential sector; they are included in the commercial sector.

Commercial Sector The commercial sector, as defined economi- cally, consists of business establishments that are not engaged in transportation or in manufacturing or other types of industrial ac- tivity (agriculture, mining, or construction). Commercial establishments include hotels, motels, restaurants, wholesale busi- nesses, retail stores, laundries, and other service enterprises; religious and nonprofit organizations; health, social, and educa- tional institutions; and Federal, State, and local governments. Street lights, pumps, bridges, and public services are also included if the establishment operating them is considered commercial.

Industrial Sector The industrial sector comprises manufacturing industries, which make up the largest part of the sector, along with mining, construction, agriculture, fisheries, and forestry. Estab- lishments in the sector range from steel mills, to small farms, to companies assembling electronic components.

Transportation Sector The transportation sector consists of private and public vehicles that move people and commodities. Included are automobiles, trucks, buses, motorcycles, railroads and railways (including streetcars), aircraft, ships, barges, and natural gas pipelines.

Electric Utility Sector The electric utility sector consists of pri- vately and publicly owned establishments that generate, transmit, distribute, or sell electricity primarily for use by the public and meet the definition of an electric utility. Nonutility power producers are not included in the electric utility sector. Although end- use allocations of energy consumption and expenditures follow those guidelines as closely as possible, some data are collected by using different classifications. For example, electric utilities often classify commercial and industrial users by the quantity of electricity purchases rather than by the business activity of the purchaser. Agricul- tural use of natural gas is collected and reported in the commercial sector, rather than in the industrial sector. Since agricultural use of natural gas cannot be identified separately, it remains in the commercial sector in this report. Another example is master- metered condomini- ums, apartments, and buildings with a combination of residential and commercial units. In many cases, billing and metering practices cause residential energy usage of electricity, natural gas, or fuel oil to be in- cluded in the commercial sector. In those cases, there is no basis for separating residential from commercial use. Readers are advised to con- sult the SEDR documentation for specific assumptions regarding the consumption estimates.

Where prices for an energy source and sector are not available, compa- rable prices are substituted. For example, the transportation sector motor gasoline prices are also applied to the commercial and industrial sectors. In some cases, the average of adjacent States prices is assigned to a missing State price. The documentation elaborates on these price assumptions.

Except where specified, it is not generally possible to describe the prices in this report as wholesale or retail. The prices paid in each con- suming sector are actually a combination of both sets of prices, depending on a number of closely interrelated factors, and the data re- flect the combination of prices actually paid by each sector. Almost all residential sector prices are close to retail prices, reflecting the relatively small quantities of individual purchases and the increased costs of extensive, diffuse, and multilayered distribution systems. Similarly, in the transportation sector almost everyone pays the same retail- like price for motor gasoline, regardless of volume purchased or location of purchase.

Conversely, residual fuel oil prices in the transportation sector are certainly more wholesale- like as a result of large deliveries to bulk facilities in major ports. In the same manner, most large industrial and many large commer- cial expenditures can be thought of as near wholesale, frequently involving direct access to a producer or bulk distribution facility for very large quantities. Many smaller industrial and commercial facilities pay some- thing much closer to retail prices as a result of the small quantities involved and their institutional distance from primary suppliers. Nota- ble exceptions to these relationships include natural gas and electric utilities, which typically establish fixed rates for each of several classes of service, depending on representative quantities, service factors, and distribution expenses.

http://www.allcountries.org/uscensus/948_energy_expenditures_and_average_fuel_prices.html

These tables are based on figures supplied by the United States Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce and are subject to revision by the Census Bureau.

Copyright © 2006 Photius Coutsoukis and Information Technology Associates, all rights reserved.